Linux：如何把文件和脚本打包为一个可执行的文件，做成安装包
经常会有这样一种需求，为了方便部署软件或者工具，降低部署安装配置难度，需要把安装过程封装起来，只需要执行一条命令即可。
实现方法：
首先新建一个文件，命名为shell_pack.sh，写入以下内容：
#!/bin/bash -
#===============================================================================
#
# FILE: shell_pack.sh
#
# USAGE: ./shell_pack.sh
#
# DESCRIPTION:
#
# OPTIONS: ---
# REQUIREMENTS: ---
# BUGS: ---
# NOTES: ---
# AUTHOR: lwq (28120), scue@vip.qq.com
# ORGANIZATION:
# CREATED: 04/22/2015 02:38:01 PM CST
# REVISION: ---
#===============================================================================
#=== FUNCTION ================================================================
# NAME: usage
# DESCRIPTION: Display usage information.
#===============================================================================
function usage ()
{
cat <<- EOT
Usage : $0 -p package -s script file1 file2 file3 ..
Options:
-h|help Display this message
-p|package The output package name
-s|script The script will run when unpack package
Other The all files what you want to pack
EOT
} # ---------- end of function usage ----------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Handle command line arguments
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
while getopts ":hp:s:" opt
do
case $opt in
h|help ) usage; exit 0 ;;
p|package ) package_name=$OPTARG ;;
s|script ) install_script=$OPTARG ;;
\? ) echo -e "\n Option does not exist : $OPTARG\n"
usage; exit 1 ;;
esac # --- end of case ---
done
shift $(($OPTIND-1))
if [[ -z $package_name ]]; then
echo "package_name can't not be empty"
usage
exit
fi
if [[ -z $package_name ]]; then
echo "install_script can't not be empty"
usage
exit
fi
files=$@
generate_wrapper_script(){
local install_script=$1
local wrapper_script=$2
cat <<-'EOT' >$wrapper_script
#!/bin/sh
echo "begin ..."
unpackdir=/tmp/$(basename $0)_unpack
rm -rf $unpackdir 2>/dev/null
mkdir -p $unpackdir
echo "unpacking ..."
sed '1, /^#__SCRIPTEND__/d' $0 | tar zxf - -C $unpackdir
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "unpack package failed."
exit 1
fi
echo ""
echo "installing ..."
cd $unpackdir
EOT
cat <<-EOR >>$wrapper_script
chmod +x $install_script
./$install_script
EOR
cat <<-'EOE' >>$wrapper_script
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "install failed."
exit 2
elif [[ -d $unpackdir ]]; then
rm -rf $unpackdir
fi
echo "install ok, enjoy!"
exit 0
#__SCRIPTEND__
EOE
}
tarfile=package_content_$$.tgz
wrapfile=wrap_$$.sh
echo -e "start packing ..\n"
tar zcvf $tarfile $files $install_script
generate_wrapper_script $install_script $wrapfile
cat $wrapfile $tarfile > $package_name
chmod +x $package_name
echo -e "\noutput: $package_name\n"
rm -f $tarfile
rm -f $wrapfile
用法：shell_pack.sh -p package -s script file1 file2 file3 ..
